Arrive in Cairo, Africa's second largest capital city. It's a vibrant, exhilarating and welcoming city, home to the best Pharaonic, Coptic and Islamic sites in Egypt, there is an incredible amount to discover here.

For those arriving on time our Leader plans to meet you in the hotel reception at 6pm for the welcome meeting and for those that wish, there is the chance to go out for dinner. There are no other activities planned today, so you are free to arrive in Cairo at any time. If you would like an airport transfer today, you'll need to arrive into Cairo International airport (airport code CAI), which is 50km, around our hour from our hotel located close to the pyramids in Giza. Should you miss the welcome meeting, your Leader will inform you of any essential information as soon as you catch up.

If your flight arrives earlier in the day, perhaps you might choose to catch your first glimpse of the mighty Nile River, visit the capital's medieval market at Khan el Khalili, we can arrange a half day Islamic Cairo tour. Alternatively our hotel has a vast swimming pool so you may just like to relax after your flight. Stay: Pyramid Park Hotel (Comfortable)

Cairo is situated mainly on the east bank of the Nile. This morning we take a short drive to Giza, to visit one of the seven ancient wonders of the world, the Pyramids, among the most impressive man-made spectacles in the world. Here, you can opt to venture inside one of the main pyramids or take in the Solar Boat Museum, designed to transport the Pharaoh's soul to the afterlife. The complex includes the Sphinx, a crouching lion with a human head carved from solid rock and the splendid Granite Temple.

In the afternoon, we move on to the Egyptian Museum, which amongst its 100,000 artefacts contains the extraordinary treasures of Tutankhamun, complete with his Golden Mask. The scale of the exhibit is truly incredible and it is mind boggling to comprehend they were all discovered in his tomb at the Valley of the Kings. There are also two fascinating Mummies Rooms to explore at the museum (extra charge payable). Please note the magnificent new Grand Egyptian museum located in Giza close to the Pyramids, is due to fully open in mid 2024. Whilst the exact opening date has not been confirmed, when it does open we will switch this afternoons visit to the new museum.

Early evening we drive to the station to catch the overnight sleeper train to Aswan. Whilst the service is designated as first class, the standard is not comparable with European first class train travel, it is an adventure none the less. The individual compartments contain a bench seat which converts into bunk beds. The carriage steward sets this up and provides bed linen, blankets and pillows. Each cabin is lockable and has a night light and cupboard that houses a small sink, shelf, mirror, towel and power socket plus there is a removable table top that folds into the wall. Dinner and breakfast are provided by the carriage steward who delivers the meals directly to you. Two western style toilets are located at the end of each carriage and there are is a communal lounge carriage with a bar serving soft drinks. Some cabins have inter connecting doors so families have access to each other. Stay: Overnight Train: Cairo to Aswan (Comfortable) (B/D)

Aswan is Egypt's most southerly city, traditionally regarded as the frontier post of Upper Egypt. Sited on the east bank, it stands just below the First Cataract and is the meeting point of Arab culture with Nubia and black Africa. Today we explore Aswan and the surrounding area. Our early arrival allows us time to take an excursion to the Philae Temple marooned on a picturesque island, having been relocated when the original site was flooded following completion of the Aswan dam. The temple is adorned with beautifully carved pylons containing some of Egypt's finest carvings. We travel to the island and back on a small motorboat.

Returning to our hotel around lunch time, the afternoon is free to relax and enjoy the swimming pool which lies almost directly on the banks of the Nile offering great views of boats and local life. Alternatively, you may wish to explore the vibrant local bazaar just a short walk away. Packed full of exotic spices, leather goods and richly decorated crafts it's an ideal place to spend a couple of hours. Stay: Obelisk Nile Hotel (Comfortable) (B)

This morning there is the option to drive through the desert to the fabulous rock-hewn temple of Abu Simbel, a major highlight for many who visit Aswan. Cut into the rock face, this enormous structure was raised 61m to save it from being flooded by the artificial lake that was created by the building of the Aswan High Dam. The 20m high statues represent Ramses II, known as the Great Builder and one of the most powerful Pharaohs of the New Kingdom. For those choosing this option we will need to leave early (around 4.30), returning to Aswan around 13.30.

On returning to Aswan, we board our feluccas straight from the hotel and set sail downstream for three hours, travelling through the timeless landscape of the Nile Valley, in the time honoured fashion of the ancient Egyptians themselves. As we sail we see the intensive cultivation of the Nile Valley and at intermittent points there are small villages that depend upon the river for their livelihood.

Tonight we will stay at a traditional Numbian homestay, with a sandy courtyard in the middle where the family gathers for meals, and bedrooms to the side. We will use a mixture of rooms, where possible with families being accommodated in their rooms although smaller houses have communal rooms. If you wish to, you can lend a hand in the kitchen to help cook dinner, or maybe kick around a football in the courtyard with the kids. There are few better ways to understand a country and its people than with a local homestay, and you'll have the chance tonight to experience local living. Stay: Nubian Home Stay (Simple) (B/D)

This morning we continue our journey slowly down river on our traditional lateen rigged felucca boat, following the fertile green ribbon of the Nile Valley, as it winds through parched desert lands. There is ample time to sit back and enjoy the easy pace watching rural life in front of you. At night we tie up to the riverbank at night and listening to Nubian songs and drums around the campfire.

Traditional felucca additional information: A felucca is a traditional sailboat used in Egypt, the primary mode of transport on the mighty Nile river and unchanged over the centuries. Feluccas rely entirely on the breeze to make their way up the Nile, typically the breeze picks up during the day and tails off at night, making for a relaxing and tranquil way to travel as we watch life unfold along the river banks.

Sleeping arrangements are on deck, please note sleeping bags are not provided, you can either bring your own or hire locally for £10 per sleeping bag. During the summer months a sleeping bag may not be needed, consider bringing a sleeping bag liner. There is a basic shared bathroom on board. Stay: Aboard Felucca (Simple) (B/L/D)

We disembark our felucca after breakfast and transfer by road to the magnificent ruins of the Ptolemaic temple at Kom Ombo. The temple is unique in that it is dedicated to not one, but two gods: Horus, the falcon headed god and Sobek the crocodile god, a useful deity to have on your side given that this stretch of the river was inundated with crocodiles until the early years of the last century! We can use the facilities here before driving on to Luxor, site of the ancient city of Thebes. The drive is approximately 4 hours and we should arrive around mid-afternoon in time to enjoy our hotel pool for a few hours before dinner. Stay: Pyramisa Isis Luxor (Comfortable) (B)

Arguably Egypt's most well known site, this morning we rise early to visit the world famous Valley of the Kings, most well known as the burial site of Tutankhamun discovered in 1922 by British Egyptology Howard Carter, along with another 62 royal tombs. Our visit includes entrance to three of the tombs which will be decided on the day, as many are periodically closed for resting and renovation to protect them. After the three, there will be an option to pay a supplement to visit Tutankhamun's tomb.

Our next stop is the Temple of Hatshepsut. Pharaoh Hatshepsut is believed to be the most successful reigning female power of Egypt, no mean feat during Ancient Egyptian times, and was buried alongside her male counterparts in the Valley of the Kings. Historians throughout modern history offer contrasting information about her reign but walking into the shadow of Hatshepsut's immense temple, which is built into the limestone rock face on Luxor's West Bank, is a key symbol of her achievements. The structure is unexpectedly modern by design and was once linked directly with Karnak Temple on the East Bank.

Continuing our exploration of the west bank, we visit the striking Habu temple, one of the less visited sites on the west bank and very much underrated. The temple complex is dominated by the highly decorated and well preserved funeral temple of Ramses III depicting scenes of conquests and famous battles. The complex also houses the Temple of Amun, built by Hatshepsut and Tuthmosis III. With the backdrop of the village in the foreground and the Theban hills behind its fitting end to our morning of visiting some of Egypt's best preserved ancient sites.

A home cooked lunch is included today at a local family's house on the west bank. Sample traditional dishes such as okra stew, koshari made with rice, lentils, pasta and chickpeas and tagen, a rich tasty tomato based dish, all served with delicious freshly baked bread. After lunch we head back to our hotel, with time to relax for the rest of the afternoon to take a dip in the hotel pool or take a stroll to the lively markets in Luxor. Stay: Pyramisa Isis Luxor (Comfortable) (B/L)

This morning it is possible to take an optional hot air balloon rise over Luxor, the Valley of the Kings and the Temples of Antiquities on the West Bank. Pick up will be from your hotel between 0430 and 0500. See the budgeting section for more details. We check out of our hotel and drive to the stunning Temple of Karnak in Luxor. Dating from around 2000 BC, the scale and grandeur of Karnak is amazing. It covers an area the size of 10 European cathedrals and the 134 pillars of its Hypostyle Hall are a wonder to behold. After our guided tour around the complex we will have additional time to explore the halls and ornate carvings.

After our visit here we depart the Nile Valley and head east to the shores of the Red Sea. Crossing the barren mountains of the Eastern Desert we drive to the town of Hurghada, where we will enjoy the delights of a marine wonderland in stark contrast to the desert scenery that surrounds it. There is time to relax and enjoy the dazzling waters immediately outside our hotel. The journey time today is approximately four hours.

Our four star hotel in Hurghada is located twenty minutes to the south of the main town, with direct access to its own private beach. In contrast with the Nile region, Hurghada is more of a mainstream tourism destination with larger hotel chains. Whilst the town lacks some of the character found in other destinations covered on our trip, there are excellent facilities on offer, including a choice of two swimming pools and three in house restaurants, including a seafood restaurant. Stay: Mercure Hurghada Hotel (Comfortable) (B/D)

With over 400 varieties of corals and 1500 species of fish, the Red Sea is a hard act for anyone to follow. There are reef fish of every shade and hue, living amongst the corals, and turtles, rays and small sharks abound in these rich waters. We include a full day's boat trip to the coral reefs around Hurghada. With a light lunch taken on-board, we will enjoy some leisurely hours swimming, snorkeling or just relaxing on deck, before returning to our hotel for the evening. Stay: Mercure Hurghada Hotel (Comfortable) (B/L/D)

The trip ends after breakfast at our hotel in Hurghada.

There are no activities planned today, so you are free to depart from Hurghada at any time. If your flight is departing later in the day luggage storage facilities are available at our hotel. If you would like an airport transfer today, you need to depart from Hurghada International airport (airport code HRG), which is 8km, around 10 minutes from the hotel. (B)

Arrive in Cairo, Africa's second largest capital city. It's a vibrant, exhilarating and welcoming city, home to the best Pharaonic, Coptic and Islamic sites in Egypt, there is an incredible amount to discover here.

For those arriving on time our Leader plans to meet you in the hotel reception at 6pm for the welcome meeting and for those that wish, there is the chance to go out for dinner. There are no other activities planned today, so you are free to arrive in Cairo at any time. If you would like an airport transfer today, you'll need to arrive into Cairo International airport (airport code CAI), which is 20km, around 40 minutes from our centrally located hotel. Should you miss the welcome meeting, your Leader will inform you of any essential information as soon as you catch up.

If your flight arrives earlier in the day, perhaps you might choose to catch your first glimpse of the mighty Nile River, visit the capital's medieval market at Khan el Khalili or we can arrange a half day Islamic Cairo tour, all within easy reach of our base in Cairo. Alternatively our hotel has a swimming pool so you may just like to relax after your flight. Stay: Pyramid Park Hotel (Comfortable)

Cairo is situated mainly on the east bank of the Nile. This morning we take a short drive to Giza, to visit one of the seven ancient wonders of the world, the Pyramids, among the most impressive man-made spectacles in the world. Here, you can opt to venture inside one of the main pyramids or take in the Solar Boat Museum, designed to transport the Pharaoh's soul to the afterlife. The complex includes the Sphinx, a crouching lion with a human head carved from solid rock and the splendid Granite Temple. In the afternoon, we move on to the Egyptian Museum, which amongst its 100,000 artefacts contains the extraordinary treasures of Tutankhamun, complete with his Golden Mask. The scale of the exhibit is truly incredible and it is mind boggling to comprehend they were all discovered in his tomb at the Valley of the Kings. There are also two fascinating Mummies Rooms to explore at the museum (extra charge payable).

Later this afternoon we will transfer to the station to catch the overnight sleeper train to Aswan. The individual compartments contain a bench seat which converts into bunk beds. The carriage steward sets this up and provides bed linen, blankets and pillows. Each cabin is lockable and has a night light and cupboard that houses a small sink, shelf, mirror, towel and power socket plus there is a removable table top that folds into the wall. Dinner and breakfast are provided by the carriage steward who delivers the meals directly to you. Two western style toilets are located at the end of each carriage and there are is a communal lounge carriage with a bar serving soft drinks. Some cabins have inter connecting doors so families have access to each other. Stay: Overnight Train: Cairo to Aswan (Comfortable) (B/D)

We arrive early morning in Aswan, Egypt's most southerly city, traditionally regarded as the frontier post of Upper Egypt. Sited on the east bank, just below the First Cataract, it is the meeting point of Arab culture with Nubia and Black Africa. Due to our early arrival rooms may not be available immediately so we may take a walk around the town and along the Nile promenade with our Tour Leader, acquainting ourselves with the city.

Once at the hotel we have several hours free to relax and enjoy the swimming pool which lies almost directly on the banks of the Nile offering great views of boats and local life. Or you may wish to explore the vibrant local bazaar just a short walk away. Packed full of exotic spices, leather goods and richly decorated crafts it's an ideal place to spend a couple of hours. Alternatively we offer an interesting excursion to the High Dam, Philae Temple and Unfinished Obelisk on this day (please refer to the optional excursion section for details). Stay: Obelisk Nile Hotel (Comfortable) (B)

This morning there is the option to drive through the desert to the fabulous rock-hewn temple of Abu Simbel, a major highlight for many who visit Aswan. Cut into the rock face, this enormous structure was raised 61m to save it from being flooded by the artificial lake that was created by the building of the Aswan High Dam. The 20m high statues represent Ramses II, known as the Great Builder and one of the most powerful Pharaohs of the New Kingdom. For those choosing this option we will need to leave early (around 4.30) , returning to Aswan around 13.30.

For those not opting to travel to Abu Simbel there is the option of visiting St Simeon's monastery by camel. After breakfast transfer by boat across to the West Bank and meet our camel train, our very own 'ships of the desert' and head out to St Simeon's. One of the largest Coptic monasteries in Egypt, St Simeon's was built in the 7th century and finally abandoned in the 13th century. It now sits in splendid isolation at the end of a desert valley, an impressive sight, looking more like a desert fortress than a place of worship. The camel ride is around 45 minutes long before we reach the monastery. After the visit we remount and ride a similar distance further along the bank to our boat which has repositioned to meet us.

On returning to Aswan we board our feluccas straight from the hotel and set sail downstream, travelling through the timeless landscape of the Nile Valley, in the time honoured fashion of the ancient Egyptians themselves. As we sail we see the intensive cultivation of the Nile Valley and at intermittent points there are small villages that depend upon the river for their livelihood. Tonight we will stay at a traditional Numbian homestay, with a sandy courtyard in the middle where the family gathers for meals, and bedrooms to the side. We will use a mixture of rooms, where possible with families being accommodated in their rooms although smaller houses have communal rooms. If you wish to you can lend a hand in the kitchen to help cook dinner, or maybe kick around a football in the courtyard with the kids. There are few better ways to understand a country and its people than with a local homestay, and you'll have the chance tonight to experience local living. Stay: Nubian Home Stay (Simple) (B/D)

This morning we continue our journey slowly down river on our traditional lateen rigged felucca boat, following the fertile green ribbon of the Nile Valley, as it winds through parched desert lands. There is ample time to sit back and enjoy the easy pace watching rural life in front of you. At night we tie up to the riverbank at night and listening to Nubian songs and drums around the campfire.

Traditional felucca additional information: A felucca is a traditional sailboat used in Egypt, the primary mode of transport on the mighty Nile river and unchanged over the centuries. Feluccas rely entirely on the breeze to make their way up the Nile, typically the breeze picks up during the day and tails off at night, making for a relaxing and tranquil way to travel as we watch life unfold along the river banks.

Sleeping arrangements are on deck, please note sleeping bags are not provided, you can either bring your own or hire locally for £10 per sleeping bag. During the summer months a sleeping bag may not be needed, consider bringing a sleeping bag liner. The maximum capacity is around 7 or 8 people per felucca plus 2 crew, for bigger groups we use two boats.

Toilet facilities: During day it is free style behind a tree; once docked for overnight a toilet tent is set up with a deep hole & toilet seat/chair. Tent is approx two meters high. Toilet paper is provided and burnt prior to leaving the next morning. Stay: Aboard Felucca (Simple) (B/L/D)

We disembark our felucca after breakfast and transfer by road to the magnificent ruins of the Ptolemaic temple at Kom Ombo. The temple is unique in that it is dedicated to not one, but two gods: Horus, the falcon headed god and Sobek the crocodile god, a useful deity to have on your side given that this stretch of the river was inundated with crocodiles until the early years of the last century! We can use the facilities here before driving on to Luxor, site of the ancient city of Thebes. The drive is approximately 4 hours and we should arrive around mid-afternoon in time to enjoy our hotel pool for a few hours before dinner. Stay: Pyramisa Isis Luxor (Comfortable) (B)

This morning, we cross the Nile and travel by bus to the extraordinary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Egypt's only female Pharaoh, who usurped the throne from her son, the future Tuthmoses III. The scale of the temple and its magnificent setting are breathtaking, but perhaps even more remarkable are the details; look out for the fine carving of the 'Expedition to the Land of Punt'. We then take a short bus ride to the Valley of the Kings' to explore some of the more important sites made famous in 1922 by the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamun by Howard Carter. The tomb entrances are surprisingly large and light, the hieroglyphics an absolute wonder and still so colourful and vivid. We visit three tombs here before returning back across the Nile to our hotel. The afternoon is then free for you to enjoy your time by the pool or wander through Luxor's bazaar. Stay: Pyramisa Isis Luxor (Comfortable) (B/L)

We check out of our hotel and take an early morning excursion to the stunning Temple of Karnak. Dating from around 2000 BC, the scale and grandeur of Karnak is amazing. It covers an area the size of 10 European cathedrals and the 134 pillars of its Hypostyle Hall are a wonder to behold.

After our visit here we depart the Nile Valley and head east to the shores of the Red Sea. Crossing the barren mountains of the Eastern Desert we drive to the small town of Hurghada, where we will enjoy the delights of a marine wonderland in stark contrast to the desert scenery that surrounds it. There is time to relax and enjoy the dazzling waters immediately outside our hotel. The journey time today is approximately four hours. Our four star hotel in Hurhada is located twenty minutes to the south of the main town, with direct access to its own private beach. There is a choice of two swimming pools and three in house restaurants, including a seafood restaurant. Stay: Mercure Hurghada Hotel (Comfortable) (B/D)

With over 400 varieties of corals and 1500 species of fish, the Red Sea is a hard act for anyone to follow. There are reef fish of every shade and hue, living amongst the corals, and turtles, rays and small sharks abound in these rich waters. We include a full day's boat trip to the coral reefs around Hurghada - it's just like swimming in a tropical fish tank! With a light lunch taken on-board, we will enjoy some leisurely hours swimming, snorkelling or just relaxing, before returning to our hotel for the evening. Stay: Mercure Hurghada Hotel (Comfortable) (B/L/D)

The trip ends after breakfast at our hotel in Hurghada.

There are no activities planned today, so you are free to depart from Hurghada at any time. If your flight is departing later in the day luggage storage facilities are available at our hotel. If you would like an airport transfer today, you need to depart from Hurghada International airport (airport code HRG), which is 8km, around 10 minutes from the hotel. (B)